Klementinus Kennyvito Salim

Cloudflare is a website-security company that provides content-delivery-network services, DDoS mitigation, Internet security, and distributed DNS servers. It provides security for the website, and also prevents the user from accessing it directly from a known IP address.

For example , we will execute nmap findip.kurniawan.ceo

It reveals the IP address 104.18.44.14. However, when we type it in the browser, it will display cloudflare error.

There is a way, using censys.io to search for real IP address behind cloudflare. Go to https://censys.io/ipv4 and then search for findip.kurniawan.ceo.

The results show 35.193.199.39. To check the result, type the IP address in web browser, and compare the result with https://findip.kurniawan.ceo.

As shown above, the results are the same. Hence, 35.193.199.39 is the real IP address.

The host command in kali linux will gather information about the hosts and IP addresses from a DNS server.

The command is : host <website>

In this example, we used host pentest.id

In this example, we found there are 3 IP addresses, the IPv6 addresses and the handler of the mail.

Whois is another tool in kali linux to know a website’s name server, datas created and updated, registrant information and domain status.

The command is whois <website>.

In this example we use the command  : whois pentest.id

We found its domain ID, date created and last updated, expiration date, its status, server, and registrar information which is located in Yogyakarta.

Nmap is used to discover hosts and services on a computer network by sending packets and analyzing the responses. By using Nmap, the hosts of a website can be discovered along with its operating system and services it is running.

Command of Nmap in kali Linux : nmap  target

In this Example , the command is : nmap binusmaya.binus.ac.id

As a result, the IP address for binusmaya.binus.ac.id is shown, and also the ports that are open , including the service of each port.

The objective of this program is to gather emails, subdomains, hosts, employee names, open ports and banners from different public sources like search engines, PGP key servers and SHODAN computer database.

The command line in kali linux is : theHarvester -d domain -l number -b searchengine

-d is for the domain to search, -l is to cap the number of results you want to know, and -b is for the search engine you want to use

For example, the command : theHarvester -d binus.ac.id -l 500 -b google

Here, the are no IPs and no emails found, but there are 22 hosts detected that have the subdomain of binus.ac.id

This week we studied about adversarial search strategies. This is the search strategy where it involves the search to calculate the outcomes of games such as tic tac toe and backgammon.

We learned about the outcomes of deterministic games such as tic tac toe or chess and also non-deterministic games such as backgammon, in which they have chance nodes. In order to calculate, we learned about the minimax function to find the outcome. We are also given 3 exercises to practise our knowledge upon this material.

This week, in opposition to the week before, we studied about informed search strategies. These search strategies uses heuristic values into account when counting the path cost. We learned about A* Algorithm and also Genetic Algorithm, where we studied about search algorithms based on the concept of natural selection and genetics. Furthermore, we also learned about hill climbing where it involves searching its neighbors and find out the optimal result.

This week we studied about uninformed search. There are a lot of types, including: BFS, DFS, FLS, UCS, and IDS. Breadth First Search and Depth First Search were just a review as we had learnt that subject before, whereas the other three search strategies were completely new to us.

These uninformed search strategies had different results and also different optimal results for each search. Therefore, we learned a lot of the different uninformed search strategies. We were also given an exercise to practise the uninformed search strategies.

During this first week and first meeting, we were introduced about what is AI and machine learning. A video about AI and machine learning and its differences was showed to the class. We are often confused upon what is AI and what is machine learning.

After the video, now I understand what are AI and Machine Learning respectively. It turns out that AI is to help humans’ life become easier and more practical, whereas Machine Learning is how AI is trained and became “smarter” so that AI can think like a human does.

There are a lot of factors and environment that affects the “learning” of the AI. It must know what environment they are in and what is the purpose of them, so that they are capable of helping humans and solving problem.

Report Link :

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1IygFy_TcpZVtUDS0ML_QBxy9HSlJsoIM38cR0v_Abys/edit?usp=sharing

Github Link :

https://github.com/kennyvito10/Final_DB

Youtube Link :

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wdigPGp4gXk